We have one main site in SharePoint 2013 and so many subsites. Few subsite has unique permissions from parent site. But all users are able to access the those unique subsite. They are able view content and access it.
For testing purpose, i had removed all users and groups from subsite. Then tried to access from one test user. If there is no permission for any user means test user need to get access denied message. But test user able to access the subsite and content also accessing.
When i checked permissions for user its showing below screenshot.