When I attempted to access term store management I received an error:
The Managed Metadata Service or Connection is currently not available. The Application Pool or Managed Metadata Web Service may not have been started. Please Contact your Administrator.
I then checked my service applications and noticed that many were missing, as seen here. Including the service relating to term management and metadata.
I then attempted to perform an upgrade on sharepoint using
./psconfig.exe -cmd upgrade -inplace b2b -force -cmd applicationcontent -install -cmd installfeatures
This was the result.
However after this there was no change to the list of service applications.