I highly recommend Enterprise for most medium to large customers who require high availability (or easy DR). The reason being is to use AlwaysOn Availability Groups ('Standard' AGs in SQL 2016 Standard will not work for SharePoint) for local site high availability and easy replication to a failover site for Disaster Recovery.
If a customer cannot afford Enterprise licensing, I will still encourage local site high availability via SQL Standard Clustering. For DR in that case, I will use either Log Shipping or ASync database mirroring (db mirroring is considered deprecated now).
Another advantage of SQL Enterprise is database snapshots, although I see them used rarely in the context of SharePoint (e.g. you can use Backup-SPSite with a database snapshot).