Update:
I believe I answered 2 questions:
the question in the title:
"Can an InfoPath 2010 dropdown be populated by a SP List column with multiple choice values?"
A: impossible in its original formulation
"I have a list with a column that accepts multiple values (a "choice" type with checkboxes) and wish to display the same available choice options on an InfoPath 2010 form"
A: I demonstrated that it is being done automatically on creating Infopath form by pressing "Customize button" on ribbon
Further on, the author insists on multiple self-contradicting, incompatible to each another, incorrect or incomprehensible statements and doubts which I believe the questioner should post as separate questions to avoid further mess and lengthy discussion
I cannot reproduce what you described in your question
I created MuChoiceList list with MuChoice field of:
- The type of information in this column is: Choice (menu to choose from)
- Type each choice on a separate line:
- Display choices using: Checkboxes (allow multiple selections)
Filled it with data according to your description:
Created Infopath form and checked that it is impossible to bind a Drop-Down List Box control in Infopath form with MuChoice field of MuChoiceList list using either Main Data Connection or specially additionally created manually, using wizard, Secondary Data Connetion/Source. Only with following Infopath controls:
- Multiple Selection List Box
- Bulleted List
- Numbered List
- Plain List
- Repeated Table
- Repeating Section
If to create Infopath form by pressing Customize From button on ribbon, then Multiple Selection List Box control is created and bound to MuChoice field of MuChoiceList automatically (or by default)
And I have no problems to choose, createe, edit multi-choice selections