There is no direct SharePoint out of the box way like list's "Item-level Permissions" to achieve this.
So, you have to achieve this by breaking permissions inheritance on individual site pages & then only grant necessary permissions.
Now, there are two ways to achieve this:
Manual:
Any user who creates a new article/news has to manually break the permissions on corresponding page >> keep Full Control permissions to himself/herself & then grant Read permissions to all other users/groups on site.
Reference: How to prevent team site members from editing SharePoint pages >> Check OPTION 2: PREVENT EDITING OF A SPECIFIC PAGE - Classical or modern pages
Automation:
- You can run a power automate flow on new page/file creation in site page
- Identify if it is a news page based on page properties
- Break permissions inheritance if it is a news page
- Grant Full control permission to user in "Created By" field & Read permissions to other users/groups as required.