If you use the Copy Link function on the workbook (so that you get a link that looks something like this:)
https://yourtenant.sharepoint.com/:x:/s/sitename/EaPm6BD3KkVJvwjuzQdOrcEBR0YOqbFUWn10YGyL26cMKQ?e=8y1CEl
You can append &ActiveCell=Sheet1 at the end and it will open that sheet, in the browser.
The same works if you copy the URL that displays when you have an Excel Workbook open in the browser, that includes Doc.aspx?
like:
https://yourtenant.sharepoint.com/:x:/r/sites/sitename/_layouts/15/Doc.aspx?sourcedoc=%7B10E8E6A3-2AF7-4945-BF08-EECD074EADC1%7D&file=Test.xlsx&action=default&mobileredirect=true&cid=2657a1f5-62a5-4d13-8bff-c1771a74f2cb
It does not work when you do a hard link to the document (/sites/sitename/Documents/Test.aspx?web=1) like in your example unfortunately, only when using links like mentioned above.