Had seen similar post but I think SP raise the error broadly. Tried work around / solution from other post but its not going anywhere.
We are branding master page and css file in fresh server when the error pops up. Tried to restore working backup and for some point it end on same error.
Done checking database files:
SQL SERVER 2012
wss_content: 42GB wss_content_log: 4GB
sharepoint_config: 325MB sharepoint_config_log: 784KB
There is no issue checking in/out file and even creating a fresh one. Then error trigger when the file get updated.
Tried iisreset, clear SPD cache and delete GUID files... wit ends.
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException (0x80131904): Arithmetic overflow error for data type smallint, value = 32768. at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction) at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean callerHasConnectionLock, Boolean asyncClose) at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.TryRun(RunBehavior runBehavior, SqlCommand cmdHandler, SqlDataReader dataStream, BulkCopySimpleResultSet bulkCopyHandler, TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean& dataReady) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader.TryHasMoreResults(Boolean& moreResults) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader.TryNextResult(Boolean& more) at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader.... 00ca419d-439a-c0b3-7cbc-50b4757ee851