The ideal way is to edit the document library view and add additional columns on which you can filter and find the document.
Another option is to modify the search results webpart and enhance the results view to add an extra link to (Edit/View) document properties.
Here is a sample XSLT I took from this site
<!-- A custom template to display a link to view the properties for a document -->
<xsl:template name="DisplayViewPropertiesLink">
<xsl:param name="itemUrl" />
<xsl:param name="siteUrl" />
<xsl:param name="listItemId" />
<xsl:param name="contentclass" />
<xsl:if test="$contentclass='STS_ListItem_DocumentLibrary'">
<xsl:variable name="docLibLoc" select="substring-before(substring-after($itemUrl, concat($siteUrl, '/')), '/')" />
<xsl:variable name="viewPropUrl" select="concat($siteUrl, '/', $docLibLoc, '/Forms/DispForm.aspx?id=', $listItemId)" />
- <a href="{$viewPropUrl}">View Properties</a>
</xsl:if>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:call-template name="DisplayString">
<xsl:with-param name="str" select="write" />
</xsl:call-template>
<xsl:call-template name="DisplayViewPropertiesLink">
<xsl:with-param name="itemUrl" select="url" />
<xsl:with-param name="siteUrl" select="sitename" />
<xsl:with-param name="listItemId" select="listitemid" />
<xsl:with-param name="contentclass" select="contentclass" />
</xsl:call-template>
<xsl:call-template name="DisplayCollapsingStatusLink">
Similart XSLT's you can also download from http://sctxsl.codeplex.com/releases/view/12070