I have an AngularJS web app that is registered as a Provider-hosted app on an on-premises SharePoint 2013 site (not Office 365 or SharePoint Online). The Provider-hosted app is hosted on a separate domain than the SharePoint site.
What I'm trying to do is call either the SharePoint REST web services or use JSOM (both client-side calls) to perform CRUD actions on the lists inside the SharePoint site. So far I've been going in circles through the Microsoft documentation and various articles trying to get this working.
So far the closest I've got is to use Microsoft's cross-domain JavaScript library to proxy my web service calls from the provider-hosted app into SharePoint. This solution only partially works because it fails to find the proxy .aspx file that should be hosted inside the app web for my provider-hosted app (it's confusing, but this 'app web' is actually hosted within SharePoint from what I understand). There's a workaround called the apphost pattern, but it makes no sense to me. I'm hoping there's a more straightforward way to accomplish this.
Can anyone explain to me in certain, clear terms how exactly does a Provider-hosted app (on a separate domain) perform CRUD actions via REST/JSOM on the SharePoint site with which it is registered.
Thank you in advance!
UPDATE: Some new information: it seems like the app web is not being created for the app when it gets deployed. We have tried to add a custom list to be deployed with the app which is supposed to trigger the app web to be created, but the list nor the app web are created upon deployement.