You can try to use the OpenDocuments control which is shipped with SP.js
HTML example
<a href=""
onclick="editDocumentWithProgID2('http://server/site/doclib/folder/Document.docx',
'',
'SharePoint.OpenDocuments', '0',
'http://server/site', '0')">
This will open the file in edit mode
</a>
similar question: editDocumentWithProgID2 in CSOMeditDocumentWithProgID2 in CSOM