SharePoint 2010 audience based on Windows Security Group contains 0 members

Question

I'm running a SharePoint 2010 environment and have just set up an audience based on a Windows Security Group.

I've set up the following rule:

Operand: User
Operator: Member Of
Value: Windows Security Group name

When I compile the audience it says the number of members is 0 (zero).

The Windows Security Group in Active Directory has about 7 members already, but they are not shown in the audience.

Does anyone here have experience in setting up SharePoint 2010 audiences based on Windows Security Groups in Active Directory?

Sources used:

• Microsoft Technet: Plan User Profiles in SharePoint 2010
• Microsoft Technet: Default User Profile properties in SharePoint 2010