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How can you efficiently determine if any of the items in a List don't inherit their security from the List?

You could use SPListItem.HasUniqueRoleAssignments but this would require iterating through all items in the List.

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Leading on from @tylerrrr07's answer, there's another overload of GetItemsWithUniquePermissions which may be of use to you:

MSDN: SPList.GetItemsWithUniquePermissions Method (int maxItemToReturn, bool folderOnly)

You could then avoid the potentially huge result set from running the method by using the following:

SPList.GetItemsWithUniquePermissions(1, false).Count == 1
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If this actually bypasses the SPQueryThrottledException issue (which I imagine it should) its a great solution. Thanks for pointing this out. – ToddersLegrande Feb 29 '12 at 14:45
@tylerrrr07: Thanks. The exception description seems to indicate that it's triggered by the size of its own result set; but of course that's no guarantee. – Stuart Pegg Feb 29 '12 at 14:56
up vote 2 down vote

Haven't tested it myselt but it looks like you could do something along the lines of 

SPList.GetItemsWithUniquePermissions().Count > 0;
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A minor problem with this solution is that all the list items have with item-level permissions are returned by the function (which may be all of them). This in turn may cause it to throw an SPQueryThrottledException: msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee572463.aspx – Stuart Pegg Feb 29 '12 at 14:25

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